JST LEC 01

🔬 General Science Questions and Answers

Biology (1–20)

1. Q: What is the basic unit of life?

A: The cell.

2. Q: What gas do plants use in photosynthesis?

A: Carbon dioxide.

3. Q: What is the powerhouse of the cell?

A: Mitochondria.

4. Q: What is the largest organ in the human body?

A: The skin.

5. Q: What is the main function of red blood cells?

A: To carry oxygen.

6. Q: What vitamin is produced in the skin when exposed to sunlight?

A: Vitamin D.

7. Q: Which organ controls the body’s functions?

A: The brain.

8. Q: What part of the plant conducts photosynthesis?

A: The leaf.

9. Q: Which blood type is a universal donor?

A: O negative.

10. Q: What is DNA short for?

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid.

11. Q: Which human organ produces insulin?

A: The pancreas.

12. Q: What type of organism makes its own food?

A: An autotroph.

13. Q: Which body system fights diseases?

A: The immune system.

14. Q: What is the scientific name for humans?

A: Homo sapiens.

15. Q: What part of the brain controls balance?

A: The cerebellum.

16. Q: What are animals that eat both plants and meat called?

A: Omnivores.

17. Q: What are the smallest blood vessels called?

A: Capillaries.

18. Q: What is the largest bone in the human body?

A: Femur (thigh bone).

19. Q: Which organ filters blood in the body?

A: The kidneys.

20. Q: What structure do plant cells have that animal cells do not?

A: Cell wall.

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Chemistry (21–40)

21. Q: What is the chemical symbol for water?

A: H₂O.

22. Q: What is the periodic table?

A: A chart of chemical elements.

23. Q: What gas do humans exhale?

A: Carbon dioxide.

24. Q: What is the pH level of a neutral solution?

A: 7.

25. Q: What is the chemical symbol for gold?

A: Au.

26. Q: What is the most abundant gas in Earth’s atmosphere?

A: Nitrogen.

27. Q: What is table salt made of?

A: Sodium and chlorine (NaCl).

28. Q: What is the hardest natural substance on Earth?

A: Diamond.

29. Q: What are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons called?

A: Isotopes.

30. Q: What type of bond shares electrons?

A: Covalent bond.

31. Q: What is the chemical formula for carbon dioxide?

A: CO₂.

32. Q: What is the term for a substance made of two or more elements?

A: Compound.

33. Q: What element does “O” represent on the periodic table?

A: Oxygen.

34. Q: What is the pH range of acids?

A: 0–6.9.

35. Q: Which element is liquid at room temperature?

A: Mercury.

36. Q: What is the study of matter and its changes?

A: Chemistry.

37. Q: What does a catalyst do?

A: Speeds up a chemical reaction.

38. Q: What kind of reaction absorbs heat?

A: Endothermic reaction.

39. Q: What gas is released when vinegar and baking soda are mixed?

A: Carbon dioxide.

40. Q: What is the most reactive group of elements?

A: Alkali metals.

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Physics (41–60)

41. Q: What force pulls objects toward Earth?

A: Gravity.

42. Q: What is the speed of light?

A: Approximately 300,000 km/s (or 186,000 mi/s).

43. Q: What is the unit of force?

A: Newton (N).

44. Q: What type of energy is stored in a stretched rubber band?

A: Potential energy.

45. Q: What is Newton's Third Law of Motion?

A: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

46. Q: What is the SI unit of electric current?

A: Ampere.

47. Q: What is needed to complete an electric circuit?

A: A power source, wires, and a load.

48. Q: What is the measure of how hot or cold something is?

A: Temperature.

49. Q: What is the unit of power?

A: Watt.

50. Q: What is the energy of motion called?

A: Kinetic energy.

51. Q: What is sound made of?

A: Vibrations.

52. Q: What material allows electricity to flow?

A: Conductor.

53. Q: What is the bending of light called?

A: Refraction.

54. Q: What kind of mirror is used in car headlights?

A: Concave mirror.

55. Q: What is resistance measured in?

A: Ohms.

56. Q: What is a unit of frequency?

A: Hertz.

57. Q: What does a prism do to light?

A: Splits it into a spectrum.

58. Q: What is the force that resists motion called?

A: Friction.

59. Q: What is a circuit with only one path called?

A: Series circuit.

60. Q: What kind of energy comes from the sun?

A: Solar energy.

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Earth & Space Science (61–80)

61. Q: What planet is known as the Red Planet?

A: Mars.

62. Q: What is the hottest planet in our solar system?

A: Venus.

63. Q: What do we call molten rock inside the Earth?

A: Magma.

64. Q: What is the layer of gases surrounding Earth?

A: The atmosphere.

65. Q: What causes day and night?

A: Earth's rotation.

66. Q: What kind of rock is formed from lava?

A: Igneous rock.

67. Q: What natural disaster is measured by the Richter scale?

A: Earthquake.

68. Q: What is the Earth's outermost layer called?

A: The crust.

69. Q: What do you call a scientist who studies weather?

A: Meteorologist.

70. Q: What do we call frozen water in the atmosphere?

A: Snow.

71. Q: Which planet has rings?

A: Saturn.

72. Q: What is the largest planet in our solar system?

A: Jupiter.

73. Q: What causes tides on Earth?

A: The moon’s gravity.

74. Q: What is the name of the galaxy we live in?

A: The Milky Way.

75. Q: What is the main component of the Sun?

A: Hydrogen.

76. Q: What is erosion?

A: Wearing away of Earth’s surface by wind, water, or ice.

77. Q: What is the second planet from the sun?

A: Venus.

78. Q: What is a year on Earth based on?

A: One orbit around the Sun.

79. Q: What kind of eclipse happens when the Moon blocks the Sun?

A: Solar eclipse.

80. Q: What kind of rock is formed from sediment?

A: Sedimentary rock.

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General Science Facts (81–100)

81. Q: What instrument is used to see tiny objects?

A: Microscope.

82. Q: What do we use to measure temperature?

A: Thermometer.

83. Q: What invention is Thomas Edison famous for?

A: The light bulb.

84. Q: What is the process of water turning into vapor?

A: Evaporation.

85. Q: What is the study of animals called?

A: Zoology.

86. Q: What is the study of plants called?

A: Botany.

87. Q: What is a scientist who studies fossils called?

A: Paleontologist.

88. Q: What state of matter is lightning?

A: Plasma.

89. Q: What is a natural satellite of Earth?

A: The Moon.

90. Q: What invention uses lenses to view distant objects?

A: Telescope.

91. Q: What is the name of the process plants use to make food?

A: Photosynthesis.

92. Q: What does a seismograph measure?

A: Earthquakes.

93. Q: What organ helps us hear?

A: The ear.

94. Q: What are the four main states of matter?

A: Solid, liquid, gas, plasma.

95. Q: What part of an atom has a positive charge?

A: Proton.

96. Q: What part of an atom has a negative charge?

A: Electron.

97. Q: What part of an atom has no charge?

A: Neutron.

98. Q: What is the force that causes objects to fall?

A: Gravity.

99. Q: Which part of the plant absorbs water?

A: Roots.

100. Q: What is a scientific guess called?

A: Hypothesis.